| Surface Holes |
Frass (bore dust) |
Galleries (tunnels) |
Wood Attacked |
Re-infestation |
Name of Insect |
| |
Part and Class |
Condition |
|
| None |
Mixture of soil and fecal material, may be plastered in crevices or
forming tunnels on surfaces |
Partly concentric with annual rings; surfaces plastered with light tan
fecal material |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods and hardwoods |
Seasoning or seasoned |
Yes |
SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES |
| None |
Tiny, hard round-ended pellets with 6 longitudinal ridges; less than 1
mm long |
Irregular cavities not following annual rings; surfaces clean and
smooth; no frass present |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods and hardwoods |
Seasoned |
Yes |
DRYWOOD TERMITES |
| None or obscure |
Coarse, sawdust-like, contains insect fragments; below nest only |
Partly concentric with annual rings; |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods and hardwoods |
Often damp and partly decayed; prefer soft grained woods |
Yes |
Carpenter Ants |
| Round, 10-12 mm diameter |
Coarse, sawdust-like, below surface openings only |
Round, 10-12 mm diam., 15-18 cm long, primarily with grain of wood |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods |
Seasoned; soft grained unpainted |
Yes |
Carpenter Bees |
| Round, 5-6 mm diameter |
Absent or excelsior-like |
Oval, up to 13 mm long diam. |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods |
Unseasoned |
No |
ROUNDHEADED BORERS (SAWYERS) |
| Round, 4-5 mm diameter |
Coarse, tightly packed |
Round, up to 5 mm diam. |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods |
Unseasoned |
No |
HORNTAILS (WOODWASPS) |
| Round, 2.5 -7 mm diameter |
Fine to coarse powder; tightly packed , tends to stick together |
Round, 1.6-10 mm diam.; numerous; random |
Sapwood of hardwoods primarily; minor in softwoods |
Seasoning and newly seasoned |
Rarely |
BOSTRICHID POWDERPOST BEETLES |
| Round, 1.6 - 3 mm diam. |
Fine powder with elongate pellets conspicuous; loosely packed |
Round, up to 3 mm diam.; numerous; random |
Sapwood of soft-woods and hardwoods rarely in heartwood |
Seasoned |
Yes |
ANOBIID POWDERPOST BEETLES |
| Round, 0.8 - 1.6 mm diam. |
Fine, flour-like; loose in tunnels |
Round, up to 1.6 mm diam.; numerous; random |
Sapwood of ring- and diffuse-porous hardwoods only |
Newly seasoned with high starch content |
Yes |
LYCTIC POWDERPOST BEETLES |
| Round, 1.6 - 2.5 mm diam. |
Coarse to fine powder, bark-colored, tightly packed in some tunnels |
Round, up to 2.5 mm diam. |
Inner bark and surface of sapwood only; in softwoods and hardwoods |
Unseasoned logs under bark only |
No |
BARK BEETLES |
| Round, 0.5 - 3 mm diam. |
None |
Round, same diam. as holes on surface; across grain; walls darkly
stained |
Sapwood and heartwood of soft-woods and hardwoods |
Unseasoned logs and lumber |
No |
AMBROSIA BEETLES |
| Oval, 3 - 10 mm long |
Coarse to fibrous; some blunt pellets; loosely to tightly packed |
Oval, up to 12 mm long diam.; size varies with species |
Sapwood and heartwood of soft-woods and hardwoods |
Unseasoned logs and lumber |
No |
ROUNDHEADED BORERS (GENERAL) |
| Oval, 6 - 10 mm long. |
Very fine powder and tiny pellets; tightly packed in tunnels |
Oval, up to 10 mm long diam.; numerous in outer sapwood; ripple marks
on walls |
Sapwood only of softwoods, primarily pine |
Seasoning to seasoned |
Yes |
OLD HOUSE BORER |
| Oval, 3 - 13 mm long |
Coarse powder some blunt pellets; tightly packed |
Flat oval up to 10 mm long diam.; winding |
Sapwood and heartwood of softwoods and hardwoods |
Seasoning |
No |
FLATHEADED BORERS |
